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本帖最后由 天之衡 于 2021-10-8 05:53 编辑
为什么下围棋可以防止老年痴呆呢?
很多人印象中,围棋多是小孩子在学,而我一直和周围的成年人传递这样一个观点:
中老年人,都来学习一下围棋,
可以有效预防和缓解老年痴呆的发生
以前这么说,还没什么底气,直到我昨天看到了清华大学由小川教授最近在群里分享的这篇论文:
The impacts of a GO-game (Chinese chess) intervention on Alzheimer disease in a Northeast Chinese population
这是一项对300个已经被诊断为阿兹海默症(老年痴呆症)患者的病人的一项医学试验,300个病人中,经过筛选,有147人进入了最后的试验,
其中,49人随机分入对照组(Control Group),也就是不进行围棋游戏。
有49人随机分入短时间组(SGGI:Short-time Go-Game Intervention),也就是每天1小时围棋游戏。
另有49人随机分入长时间组(LGGI:Long-time Go-Game Intervention),也就是每天2小时围棋游戏。
整个试验进行了6个月,根据各种实际数据,采用了专业的统计数据分类对比试验方法,原论文的开篇结论如下:
A GO game can enhance mental health, but its effects on Alzheimer Disease (AD) remains unknown. To address the issue, 147 AD patients were randomly assigned into control (without GO-game intervention), Short-time GO-Game Intervention (SGGI, 1 h daily) and Long-time GO-game Intervention (LGGI, 2 h daily) groups. After 6-month follow-up, the game reduced the mean score of Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scales (MADRS) of 4.72 (95% CI, 0.69 to 9.12) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) of 1.75 (95% CI, 0.17–3.68), and increased the mean score of Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) of 4.95 (95% CI, −1.37–9.18) and RAND-36 of 4.61 (95% CI, −2.75–11.32) (P < 0.05 via controls). A GO-game intervention improved 9 of 11 items of KICA-dep (Kimberley Indigenous Cognitive Assessment of Depression). Meanwhile, serum levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were higher in SGGI and LGGI groups (24.02 ± 7.16 and 28.88 ± 4.12 ng/ml respectively, P = 0.051) than those in controls (17.28 ± 7.75 ng/ml) (P < 0.001). The serum levels of BDNF showed a negative relation with MADRS and a positive relation with RAND-36 (P < 0.01). A GO-game intervention ameliorates AD manifestations by up-regulating BDNF levels.
以上原文引自:
Front. Aging Neurosci., 25 August 2015 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2015.00163
全英文,再加上各种专业术语,让这个结论确实不容易看懂,但是,论文中有一句话,是像我这样的吃瓜群众都能看懂的:
Comparatively, a GO game ameliorated the symptoms of depression and there were statistically significant differences for most items (P < 0.05) except of two items (Table 1). After a 6-month GO-game intervention, the severity of AD was decreased significantly (P < 0.05) (Table 1).Front. Aging Neurosci., 25 August 2015 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2015.00163
上面这段话翻译过来大概是:
根据试验数据比较而言,一盘围棋就缓解了抑郁的症状,并且从统计学上看,在显著性水平小于0.05(置信区间大于95%)的情况下,大多数关注的指标,在试验组和对照组来看,都有明显的不同(statistically significant differences),除了表1(Table 1)中的两个指标之外。而经过了连续6个月(根据原文,是指每天两个小时时间下围棋)的围棋游戏的干预,阿兹海默症(老年痴呆症)的严重程度显著下降。才学六个月,症状就明显减轻,看来我这个已经学了三十几年围棋的吃瓜群众,看来是不用担心老年痴呆了
上面这个表格是原文中提到的Table 1,里面列举了老年痴呆患者常见的一些症状(比如入睡困难,或嗜睡,吃得太多,或太少,感到压抑,感到对不起自己或家人,自残自伤自杀倾向,易怒等等),在经过长时间的围棋游戏的帮助后,绝大多数症状都有了明显的改善......
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